Canada in 2050 By: Naveena RoHit
Canada has been through many changes since it was founded back in 1867. Currently Canada is home to 35.16 million people and counting. Furthermore, in this presentation I will be going over the current population,demography, immigration rate and first nation population. Also I will explaining how Canada will look in 2050, how it has changed and what has been affected.
Current Population
Canada's current population is 35.16 million people and counting. The birth rate and death are very important when it comes to growth of a country because if there are more deaths than births the population will decrease and if there are more births than the population will increase, Canada's birth rate currently is 1.59 children born per woman and the death rate currently is 8.31 people per 1,000 people. Which shows that Canada is not fully stable (equal birth and death rates) however the population is not deceasing at an alarming rate. The ages of the people in Canada do impact the country in different ways, as of right now the senior population is higher than the amount of children in Canada. This is due to the baby boomers growing old and reaching their retirement age. This is not an ideal situation because if their are more older people than the amount of children being born the population will start to decrease as the older population begins to die.
The population pyramid above shows the current population of Canada, the pyramid is smaller at the bottom and than gets bigger towards the middle and than starts to shrink again. This means the population is not equal, the bottom of the pyramid (ages 0-24) is smaller than the rest which means their are less people of that age and more older people. Where the pyramids starts to get bigger is where the baby boomers are right now, which is why it is so much more larger than the other age groups. Lastly, the smaller part at the top of the pyramids is where the baby boomers parents are currently, however both the baby boomers and their parents make up more of the population than the younger ages.
Current Immigration and Emigration
Currently Canada immigration rate is 260,000-285,000 people. There are many reasons why people might chose to immigrate to Canada such as a fresh start, better life and more job opportunities. Canada's immigration rate has manged to maintain a normal level of growth. The emigration rate of Canada is 5.66 per 1,000 people. This means that although people are leaving Canada there are many people still coming into the country. Canada is headed down the road to having a long range labor shortage because of the fact that the population is mostly seniors and there are not as many younger people to fill the jobs which is why we use the help of immigrants. Most of the immigrants tend to come from countries in Asia or Europe, Asia is the main provider of immigrants.
The graph above shows the different backgrounds of Canadian immigrants for different years and different points in history. Before 1976 most of Canada's immigrants were from Europe this would be because of Britain's influence on Canada, the lowest amount of people were coming from Oceania and other country which means that only a few large countries such as Asia and Europe were bring people into Canada and making up the population. However from 2006-2001 the amounts have completely changed. The amount of people Europe brings in has decreased greatly and the number of people that Asia brings in has sky-rocketed. This could be due to the living conditions in certain places in Asia. Also the rate of people coming from America has decreased but Africa and the Caribbean has increased greatly and are most the same rate.
Current aboriginal population
The first nation people are also important to Canada. The first nation people are the fastest growing population in Canada because they have a slightly higher birth rate than us. More than half of the aboriginal people in Canada live in cites which means that more first nation people are getting exposure. Aboriginal people have faced many problems and are going through many problems currently such as having worst health, lower levels of education and higher rate of unemployment. The Indian act was created in 1876 by the federal government to make the first nations culture disappear and have more control, this made life harder for the first nations people.
This population pyramids shows the difference between non-aboriginals Canadians and aboriginal Canadians. By looking at this graph you can clearly tell that the first nations have a higher birth rate than the Canadians and their are more younger people than older people, the population is increasing. However when you look at the Canadian side you can see the opposite of the first nation side. Their are less younger people and more older people also the middle of the pyramid (age 30-49) is bigger than the rest of the age groups because they are the baby boomers and they make the non-aboriginal Canadian side un-even, the population will start to decrease.
Prediction for the population in 2050
Canada in 2050 will be different than the Canada we currently live in. The general population will increase from 35.16 million to around 40 million people. The baby boomers will get older and be ready to retire from their jobs which will put Canada in a labor shortage because their are more older people than people of a working age and children. The senior population will expand, 21% of Canadians were over 60 in 2012 and by 2050 around 31% will be over 60. Almost a third of Canadians will be seniors. There will be a decrease in the number of people in the working age (15-60) due to the fact that less people are choosing to have children because of their careers and education.
This video shows the problems that come along with the fact that the future birth rate is lower than the the future death rate. The death rate in 2050 will increase from what it is now because the baby boomers will be reaching the end of their lives and since their are so many of them this will take a toll on the population in general. There will be less people in the working age but the amount of jobs will only slightly increase because of people immigrating to Canada and the slight rise in Canada's population.
Prediction for Immigration in 2050
Since the population of Canada will be un-even in 2050, more seniors than children and the decreasing birth rate. There will be a long range labor shortage, Canada will be short thousands of workers. The main strategy to cope with that is by getting workers/people from different countries (immigrants). Canada has maintained the normal level of immigrants who come into the country however to keep our current industry and population up and avoid major problems the number would need to double. There are different ways people get into Canada like skilled worker class, family class, refugee protection and business class. In 2050, Canada would need more skilled worker class which means that they have no criminal record, can speak english or french, have experience in in-demand jobs (jobs that need more workers) and they must score higher than 67 out of 100 points on a test.
Prediction for the ABORIGINAL people
The aboriginal people population will increase because they have a slightly higher birth rate than the non-aboriginal people. They will have an increase in birth rate and decrease in death rate since there are more children than seniors. The aboriginals will face less problems in 2050, since Canada will need more worker the aboriginals will have a chance and this will decrease their underemployment rate. They will be able to reach higher levels of education due to the fact that more people are choosing to follow their careers. Also since they will be able to get jobs their income rates will increase and they will be able to live better lives.
conclusion
In conclusion, Canada in 2050 will be very different from Canada currently. There will be less children/ younger people and many more seniors, their will be more jobs but their wont be enough people in the working age. Canada will be more diverse due to the fact that there will be more immigrants and they will help with the labor shortage. The aboriginals will increase in population and will be able to live better lives due to the changes in Canada, which do benefit the aboriginals. Overall, Canada will experience many changes over the future years to come.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
- C. N. (2012). Canadian Population Boom or Bust. Retrieved May 25, 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NNTHqV7Nqxk
- Indigenous Corporate Training Inc, B. J. (n.d.). 8 key issues for Aboriginal people in Canada. Retrieved May 25, 2016, from http://www.ictinc.ca/blog/8-key-issues-for-aboriginal-people-in-canada
- CBC News (2012). Canada's seniors population to jump, workforce decline by 2063. Retrieved May 25, 2016
- CBC News (2013), G.S. How Well Is Canada Dealing With Its Aging Population? Retrieved May 25,2016
- Winnipeg Free Press (2009), A.R. Canada’s Birth Rate Crisis: Immigration alone will not fix impending labor shortages. Retrieved May 25,2016
- CBC. (2015). CBC - 8th Fire - Home. Retrieved May 25, 2016, from http://www.cbc.ca/8thfire/