Reform Movements

Reform Movements Ben Petersen & BraylOn Lewis 8th period

Foundations of reform- There were many new religious new religious movements all over the country. Some of them were helping reform the American society. One of these was called the Second Great Awakening. There was also Trancendentalism. That movement was led by Henry David Thoreau. Thoreau said that people should challenge laws by not following them. They called this civil disobedience. There were others in the movement such as Nathaniel Hawthorne, Walt Whitman, and Ralph Waldo Emerson. Many were inspired by them.

Abolitionists- During middle of the 1800s many people including white tried to put a end to slavery. They felt to achieve liberty and equality for all slavery had to go. This certain movement starts during the Revolutionary Era due to the very bad treatment of slaves. Many spoke out against slavery including William Llody, Angelina and Sarah Grimke, Frederick Douglass, and Sojourner Truth. There was also Harriet Tubman who was a leader of the Underground Railroad that helped slaves escape. These people set a path to help end slavery.

Women's rights- 2 woman named Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Staton toke a visit to the World Antislavery Convention but couldn't says word due to the fact that they were women. Women basically had 0 rights when it came to many things. They couldn't hold office and the wages earned by women went directly to their husband. These women thought that it would be a good idea to hold there own convection. This convection they held was in their rights as women. In this convection they proposed the Declaration of Sentiments on the Declaration of Independence. They also held another convection that was called the Seneca Falls Convection. This certain convection demanded for rights to women in everything. Many people were apart of this convection and soon their strong will won rights for women.

Dorothea Dix agreed to teach a Sunday school class at a prison. She did this because she awed a friend a favor. This led to a reform in Massachusetts. Also treatment of the mentally ill. Dorothea became overwhelmed by the conditions the people at the prison were living under. Some of those inmates were imprisoned due to the fact that they couldn't pay their bills. Even the smallest debts that were unpaid could get you thrown in prison. But, the treatment of the mentally ill is what shocked Dix the most. The people who were considered "insane" were beaten. Dix toke this and made a report and sent it to the state legislature. Later, mental hospitals were created for the mentally ill. Dix started many other reforms to help people who were going to jail or who are in jail.

Temperance Movement- Alcohol was a widespread amount men, women, & children. Alcohol caused mental illness and side effects were, death, passing out, extreme anxiety, nausea or vomiting, seizures, & hallucinations. They tried banning alcohol, & it was a success until the movement would once again gain strength in the late 1800s. Alcohol was closely originated in 4,000 BC and as war back as 1,800 BC. Many scientists believed that brewing stretches back much further then 1,800 BC.

Education Reform- In the mid-1800s Horace Mann, because the "Father of American Schools." When Horace Mann made the idea of American schools, that's when the citizens of Massachusetts voted to pay taxes to build better schools and let the education be better. Horace Mann spoke to citizens about the importance of education and how it produces a well educated citizenry. But when kids got older some of them couldn't afford and go to school. Also many girls weren't able to go to high school or college. Many children didn't have the opportunity to attend public schools.

Abolitionists

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Reform Movements Ben Petersen & BraylOn Lewis 8th period

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