20.2 Prokaryotes Structure and function

Structure:

Range in size from 1 to 5 micrometers (smaller than eukaryotic cells)

Bacilli: rod-shaped prokaryotes

Cocci: spherical prokaryotes

Spirilla: spiral and corkscrew-shaped prokaryotes

Function: some move and some don't

-move in different ways

-some are propelled by flagella

-some glide slowly along a layer of slime like material that they secrete

binary fission: type of asexual reproduction in which an organism replicates its DNA and divides in half, producing two identical daughter cells Endospore: structure produced by prokaryotes in unfavorable conditions; a thick internal wall that encloses the DNA and a portion of the cytoplasm Conjugation: process in which paramecia and some prokaryotes exchange genetic information

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