The Periodic Table has metals, nonmetals, and metalloids
Metals are on the left side of the stair-step (The stair step is the zig zag pattern of elements between the metals and nonmetals. The elements in the step are metalloids) There's only 1 nonmetal on the metal side and that is Hydrogen which is the the first block. Metals are shiny, and have malleability, ductility, and are good conductors.
Next is Nonmetals are on the right side of the stair-step There's only 1 nonmetal on the metal that is on the metal side and that is Hydrogen. Nonmetals are elements that lack the physical and chemical properties of metals and are generally poor conductors of heat and electricity.
Atoms are made up of Protons, Electrons, and Neutrons. The protons and neutrons are in the nucleus of the atom, and the electrons are in the electron cloud of the atom.
Protons have a positive charge, and are equal to the number of electrons in that atom
Electrons have a negative charge, and are equal to the number of protons in that atom
Neutrons have a neutral charge, they're not positive nor negative
The Reactivity of the elements on the periodic table decreases as you go right. And as you go down the Groups the reactivity increases.
Group 1 is the most reactive group and Group 18 is the least reactive group.
The Periodic Table is separated into Columns (Groups or Family) and Rows (Periods). Columns are the vertical ones, and Rows are the horizontal ones. Columns have the same number of valence electrons, and Rows have the same number of energy shells/rings.
There are 18 Columns (Groups) , and there are 7 Rows on the Periodic Table.
The Groups of the Periodic Table:
Group 1: The Alkali Metals
Group 2: The Alkaline Metals
Group 3-12: The Transition Metals
Group 13: The Boron Family
Group 14: The Carbon Family
Group 15: The Nitrogen Family
Group 16: The Oxygen Family
Group 17: The Halogens
Group 18: The Noble Gases
On the Periodic Table each element has an Atomic Number, Atomic Mass, and a Mass Number.
The Atomic Number tells use of many Protons and Electrons that are in that element.
The Atomic Mass tells use the number of Protons and Neutrons that are in that element
The Mass Number is the Atomic Mass rounded
Atomic number = # of Protons and Electrons
Atomic mass = # of Protons + Neutrons
You know the number of electrons in that element because the number of electrons equals the number of protons
When you are trying to Balance Chemical Equations you have to make sure both sides of the equation is equal.
You should list the elements in the same order on both sides of the equation.
The reactants are on the left side of the arrow and the products are on the right side of the arrow in the equation. Reactants are the stuff that's going into the chemical reaction, and the Product(s) are the results of the chemical reaction.
The background is an example of the stuff I just explained and how to balance a chemical equation
The 5 signs of a chemical change:
The substance is Bubbling
Change in Color
Change in Odor
Gas is formed
Precipitate is formed
Credits:
Created with images by PublicDomainPictures - "lab research chemistry" • stux - "pyrite pyrites mineral" • Yuya Tamai - "liquid nitrogen"