Termination History
Uprooted: The 1950s plan to erase Indian Country This radio program gives a broad history of what was happening in the country during the time of Termination.
The 1957 radio series Indian Country (University of Denver), hosted by anthropologist Ruth Underhill (1883-1984), includes interviews with tribal members from the Sioux and Navajo Nations about their perspectives on the termination and relocation policies. The first episode, "On Indians Past and Present," illustrates how older and younger generations often disagreed over the policies, with younger tribal members generally accepting moving away from the reservation. This generational divide is noted in the programs dealing with Menominee and Klamath termination. Most importantly, "On Indians Past and Present" explicitly connects the two policies with the erasure of Native culture and assimilation to white society.
A documentary chronicling the effects of the Menominee Termination Act on the Menominee Tribe of Wisconsin. This documentary was filmed (1969-1970) on the Menominee reservation by WGBH (Boston)
The Last Menominee shows some Menominee community views on termination.
Dreamers with Power is a play written by and performed by Menominee people. It is a conversation about Menominee views on Termination and Restoration.
The Menominee Indians: From Treaty to Termination by Stephen J. Herzberg (1977).
The Menominee Indians: From Termination to Restoration by Stephen J. Herzberg (1978).
"MENOMINEE" is an historical narrative which places in perspective the many social and political problems faced by the Menominee Indians of northeastern Wisconsin.
Since 1634: In the Wake of Nicolet (PBS Wisconsin Documentary. A general history of both Menominee and Ho-Chunk tribes with references to Termination/Restoration.
Takeover of the Alexian Brothers Novitiate in Gresham WI January 1, 1975
Articles of the events of the takeover taken from local newspapers.
Seizure at Gresham: A Retrospective (AUDIO) is a survey of the activities in and around the Alexian Brothers Monastery in Gresham, Wisconsin during the takeover by members of the Menominee Warrior Society. Includes comments by members of the Warrior Society, Ada Deer, Dennis Banks, National Guard commander Colonel Hugh Simonson, and others.
The Menominee Warrior Society (AUDIO) is an inside story on the Menominee Indian takeover of the Alexian Brothers monastery in Gresham, Wisconsin. Kevin McKiernan is the only reporter to have gotten in and out of the monastery during the occupation with useable recorded material.
Kevin McKiernan interview on how Kevin got the Gresham tape. (AUDIO)
Menominee take over of Gresham Alexian novitiate in twentieth day. (AUDIO)
Alexian Brothers Return Land to Menominees Akwesasne Notes Vol. 7 No. 1 Early Spring 1975 p. 26
Menominee Conflicts Continue After Takeover Restoration Akwesasne Notes Vol. 7 No. 2 Summer 1975 p. 21
Two Warriors Die: But The Struggle Goes On Akwesasne Notes Vol. 8 No. 1 Summer 1976 p. 16
Menominee Update Akwesasne Notes Vol. 8 No. 3 Autumn 1976 p. 20
"It was a little like Disneyland in the beginning. And then when we were up on the roof and the bullets started to fly all around us, then there was a certain kind of reality." -Marlon Brando
Gresham evacuation events, arrests and Brando news conference. (AUDIO) Description of events regarding Gresham evacuation.
Novitiate Falls by Eliot Treichel Voyageur Magazine Summer/Fall 2020
Outcomes and Reflections
Gresham takeover finale, summary of what happened and what happens next. (AUDIO)
Alexian monastery occupation settlement agreement announced. (AUDIO)
The Novitiate accounts the perspective of a member of the Alexian Brothers of the Novitiate takeover.
Wisconsin Magazine: Gresham Revisited (VIDEO)
Counties of Wisconsin Episode 64: Menominee County 1975 (AUDIO)
College of Menominee Nation -Special Collections: Menominee Collection on the Termination and Restoration Era, 1961-1973 (204 Documents).
Joan Keshena Hart; Current perspectives on American Indian women (AUDIO) DRUMS member Joan Keshena Hart (Menominee), who was essential in mobilizing Native Americans living in Chicago, is interviewed in the 1984 Wisconsin Public Radio series Current Perspectives on American Indian Women.