DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, which is the molecule that carries genetic information in humans and all other living organisms. Deoxyribonucleic acid is composed of four chemical bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine. The sequence of these bases within DNA encodes genetic information.
The production of exact copies (clones) of a particular gene or DNA sequence using genetic engineering techniques. The DNA containing the target gene(s) is split into fragments using restriction enzymes.